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Kelajuan Purata Kalkulator

Cara terpantas untuk mengira kelajuan, jarak dan masa dengan tepat.

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Average Speed Definition

Average speed equals the total distance traveled divided by the total time taken to cover that distance. The Average Speed Calculator computes this value in miles per hour (mph), kilometers per hour (km/h), meters per second (m/s), and feet per second (ft/s).

Average speed is a scalar quantity — it has magnitude but no direction. A car that drives 200 miles (321.9 km) in 4 hours has an average speed of 50 mph (80.5 km/h), regardless of the route taken or direction changes during the trip.

The Speed Distance Time Calculator uses 3 variables: speed, distance, and time. Knowing any 2 of these values lets you calculate the third using the average speed formula.

Build the Definition

Click the correct terms to complete the formula

Average Speed =
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Average Speed Formula

The Average Speed formula is Speed = Distance / Time (s = d/t). Formula ini mempunyai 3 penyusunan semula yang menyelesaikan sebarang pembolehubah yang tidak diketahui:

  1. s = d / t — speed equals distance divided by time
  2. d = s × t — distance equals speed times time
  3. t = d / s — time equals distance divided by speed

The output unit depends on the input units. Distance in miles and time in hours produces miles per hour (mph). Distance in kilometers and time in hours gives kilometers per hour (km/h). Distance in meters and time in seconds yields meters per second (m/s).

Formula Triangle

Click any variable to see its formula

D S T DISTANCE SPEED TIME
Click a variable above

How to Calculate Average Speed

To calculate the average speed, follow these 3 steps:

  • Step 1: Measure the total distance traveled in miles, kilometers, or meters. Use a car's odometer, Google Maps, or a GPS device to record the distance.
  • Step 2: Record the total time taken in hours, minutes, or seconds. Subtract any rest stops from the total trip duration to get actual travel time.
  • Step 3: Divide distance by time menggunakan formula: Kelajuan = Jarak / Masa (s = d/t) .

Example: A car covers 250 miles (402.3 km) in 5 hours. Average speed = 250 / 5 = 50 mph (80.5 km/h).

For trips with stops, subtract idle time. A bus travels 180 miles (289.7 km) in 4 hours with 30 minutes of stops. Travel time = 3.5 hours. Average speed = 180 / 3.5 = 51.4 mph (82.8 km/h).

Step-by-Step Walkthrough

Click each step to complete it

1
Measure distance: 250 miles (402.3 km)
2
Record time: 5 hours (no stops)
3
Calculate: 250 ÷ 5 = 50 mph (80.5 km/h)

How to Use this Average Speed Calculator

To use this Average Speed Calculator, follow 3 steps:

  • Step 1: Select the calculation mode — choose Speed, Distance, or Time from the mode selector at the top of the calculator.
  • Step 2: Enter known values into the distance input and time input fields. Select the measurement units from the dropdown menus (miles, kilometers, meters, hours, minutes, seconds).
  • Step 3: Click the calculate button to view results in the result display area. The calculator shows the answer with a step-by-step formula breakdown and automatic unit conversions.

The Average Speed Calculator supports input in hh:mm:ss format and converts between mph, km/h, m/s, and ft/s automatically.

Calculator Guide

Click each step to walk through the process

1
Select mode: Speed / Distance / Time
2
Enter values: Distance = 120 mi, Time = 2 hr
3
Result: 60 mph (96.6 km/h)

Average Speed Calculator With Distance and Time

Untuk mengira kelajuan purata dengan jarak dan masa, masukkan jumlah jarak yang dilalui dan masa perjalanan ke dalam Kalkulator Masa Jarak Kelajuan. Formulanya kelajuan = jarak / masa (s = d/t) menghasilkan hasilnya.

Example 1: A cyclist rides 30 miles (48.3 km) in 2 hours. Average speed = 30 / 2 = 15 mph (24.1 km/h).

Example 2: A train covers 200 kilometers (124.3 miles) in 2.5 hours. Average speed = 200 / 2.5 = 80 km/h (49.7 mph).

The Average Speed Calculator accepts distance in miles, kilometers, or meters and time in hours, minutes, or seconds. The formula engine handles all unit conversions automatically.

Quick Speed Calculator

Enter distance and time to calculate speed

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Average Speed Calculator Without Time

To find travel time without knowing time directly, rearrange the average speed formula to masa = jarak / kelajuan (t = d/s) . Enter the known distance and speed values to compute travel time.

To find distance when distance is unknown, use distance = speed × time (d = s × t) .

Example: A bus travels 120 miles (193.1 km) at an average speed of 40 mph (64.4 km/h). Time = 120 / 40 = 3 hours.

This rearrangement is useful for trip planning — enter the distance from Google Maps and the expected average speed to estimate the total trip duration before departure.

Time Finder

Adjust distance and speed to compute travel time

Time = 2.50 hours (2h 30m)

Average Speed Calculator for Multiple Speeds

The correct method to calculate average speed for equal distances at different speeds is the harmonic mean, not the arithmetic mean. The arithmetic mean gives an incorrect result because the object spends more time at the slower speed.

Average Speed = 2 × (S₁ × S₂) / (S₁ + S₂)

Example: A car drives 60 mph (96.6 km/h) for the first half and 40 mph (64.4 km/h) for the second half of an equal-distance trip. The arithmetic mean = 50 mph (wrong). The harmonic mean = 2 × (60 × 40) / (60 + 40) = 48 mph (77.2 km/h) (correct).

The harmonic mean produces a lower value than the arithmetic mean because the vehicle spends more time traveling at the slower speed, which pulls the average speed calculation down.

Harmonic Mean Calculator

Enter 2 speeds for equal distances — see correct vs incorrect average

✗ Arithmetic Mean (Wrong)
50.00 mph
✓ Harmonic Mean (Correct)
48.00 mph

Average Speed Calculator with Hours and Minutes

Convert time in hours, minutes, and seconds (hh:mm:ss) to decimal hours before applying the Average Speed formula. The conversion formula:

Decimal Hours = Hours + (Minutes / 60) + (Seconds / 3600)

Example: 2 hours 30 minutes 45 seconds = 2 + (30/60) + (45/3600) = 2 + 0.5 + 0.0125 = 2.5125 hours.

A trip of 150 miles (241.4 km) in 2 hours 30 minutes 45 seconds = 150 / 2.5125 = 59.7 mph (96.1 km/h).

The Average Speed Calculator accepts time in hh:mm:ss format directly and converts to decimal hours automatically.

Time Format Converter

Enter hours, minutes, seconds to get decimal hours

Decimal Hours 2.5125 hours

Average Speed Calculator for Multiple Legs

For trips with multiple legs, add the total distance traveled across all segments and divide by the total time taken. Each leg may have a different speed and distance across varying terrain types.

Example: A delivery van completes 3 legs:

  • Kaki 1: 120 batu (193.1 km) dalam 2 jam = 60 mph
  • Kaki 2: 90 batu (144.8 km) dalam 1.5 jam = 60 mph
  • Kaki 3: 60 batu (96.6 km) dalam 1 jam = 60 mph

Total distance = 270 miles (434.5 km). Total time = 4.5 hours. Average speed = 270 / 4.5 = 60 mph (96.6 km/h).

This method applies for last-mile delivery vans, bicycle courier routes, and any multi-segment journey with stops.

Multi-Leg Calculator

Enter distance and time per leg — totals update live

Leg Distance (mi) Time (hrs) Speed (mph)
Leg 1 60.0
Leg 2 60.0
Leg 3 60.0
Total 270.0 4.50 60.00

Units of Average Speed

Average speed uses distance-per-time units. The 4 most common units are:

  • 1. Miles per hour (mph) — used in the United States and United Kingdom for road speed
  • 2. Kilometers per hour (km/h) — used in most countries worldwide for automotive speed
  • 3. Meters per second (m/s) — the SI base unit for speed, used in scientific contexts
  • 4. Feet per second (ft/s) — used in engineering and some physics applications

Conversion factors: 1 mph = 1.60934 km/h = 0.44704 m/s = 1.46667 ft/s. The metric unit of speed in the International System of Units (SI) is meters per second (m/s).

Live Unit Converter

Enter a speed value and select the input unit

60.000 mph
96.561 km/h
26.822 m/s
88.000 ft/s

Average Speed vs. Average Velocity

Average speed is a scalar quantity — it equals total distance traveled divided by total time taken and has no direction. Average velocity is a vector quantity — it equals total displacement divided by total time and includes direction.

For a round trip with the same start and end point, average speed is greater than zero because total distance traveled is always positive. Average velocity for a round trip equals zero because displacement (net change in position) equals zero.

Example: A car drives 100 miles (160.9 km) east and returns 100 miles west in 4 hours total. Total distance = 200 miles (321.9 km). Displacement = 0 miles. Average speed = 200 / 4 = 50 mph. Average velocity = 0 / 4 = 0 mph. Use the Displacement Calculator to find displacement for specific paths.

Average Speed

Scalar quantity (magnitude only)

= Total Distance / Time

Always ≥ 0

Round trip: 50 mph

VS
Average Velocity

Vector quantity (magnitude + direction)

= Displacement / Time

Can be zero or negative

Round trip: 0 mph

Laluan Pergi Balik

Tonton titik bergerak keluar dan belakang — jarak bertambah, anjakan kembali kepada sifar

Mula/Tamat Titik Pusingan

Average Speed vs Instantaneous Speed

Average speed covers the entire trip — total distance traveled divided by total time taken. Instantaneous speed is the speed at one specific moment, displayed on a speedometer or GPS device.

A car's speedometer shows instantaneous speed, which changes constantly during a trip. Average speed smooths all these speed variations into a single value for the entire journey.

Example: A car trip shows speedometer readings between 30 mph (48.3 km/h) and 70 mph (112.7 km/h) at various moments during peak congestion periods and highway stretches. The average speed for the entire 120-mile (193.1 km) trip over 2 hours = 60 mph (96.6 km/h).

Speedometer Comparison

Average stays constant while instantaneous fluctuates

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Purata: Stabil
0102030405060708090100
Seketika: Berbeza-beza

Average Speed Vs Constant Speed

Constant speed means an object covers equal distances in equal time intervals throughout the journey. Average speed equals total distance traveled divided by total time taken over the entire trip.

When an object moves at constant speed, average speed equals that constant speed. When speed varies — due to acceleration, deceleration, or stops — average speed differs from the speed at any given moment.

Example 1: A car using cruise control at 60 mph (96.6 km/h) on a highway has both a constant speed and an average speed of 60 mph.

Example 2: A car in city traffic varies between 0 mph and 45 mph (72.4 km/h) during school zone hours and peak congestion periods, with an average speed of 25 mph (40.2 km/h).

Constant vs Varying Speed

Both dots finish at the same time — same average speed, different patterns

Constant
Varying

Average Speed from Speed-Time Graph

The area under a speed-time graph represents total distance traveled. To find average speed from a speed-time graph, follow 3 steps:

  1. Calculate the total area under the speed curve using geometric shapes (rectangles, triangles, trapezoids).
  2. Read the total time from the horizontal axis (start to end).
  3. Divide total area by total time: Average Speed = Total Area / Total Time.

For a rectangular region at constant speed, area = speed × time. For a triangular region with uniform acceleration from zero, area = ½ × base × height.

Speed-Time Graph

The shaded area equals total distance traveled

Average Speed from Velocity-Time Graph

A velocity-time graph shows velocity (speed with direction) over time. The area under the curve represents displacement, not total distance.

  1. Areas above the time axis indicate positive displacement (forward movement).
  2. Areas below the time axis indicate negative displacement (backward movement).

To find total distance from a velocity-time graph, sum the absolute values of all areas. Average speed = total distance / total time. Average velocity = net displacement / total time.

Velocity-Time Graph

Blue area = forward distance, Red area = backward distance

Common Mistakes When Calculating Average Speed

There are 5 common mistakes when calculating average speed. Click each card below to see the explanation and how to avoid the error.

Common Error
Using Arithmetic Mean Instead of Harmonic Mean
Apabila mengira kelajuan purata untuk kelajuan yang berbeza pada jarak yang sama, min aritmetik memberikan hasil yang salah. Gunakan min harmonik: Kelajuan Purata = 2 x (S1 x S2) / (S1 + S2) . Kenderaan menghabiskan lebih banyak masa pada kelajuan yang lebih perlahan, yang menarik purata sebenar di bawah min mudah.
Klik untuk mendedahkan ->
Common Error
Forgetting to Subtract Rest Stops
Average speed uses actual travel time, not total elapsed time. Subtract rest stops, refueling breaks, and idle time from the total trip duration before dividing. A 5-hour trip with 1 hour of stops has 4 hours of travel time.
Klik untuk mendedahkan ->
Common Error
Mixing Units Without Converting
Distance in miles with time in minutes produces an incorrect result unless converted. Convert minutes to hours (divide by 60), or kilometers to miles (multiply by 0.621371), before applying the formula speed = distance / time.
Klik untuk mendedahkan ->
Common Error
Confusing Speed with Velocity
Kelajuan purata menggunakan jumlah jarak (skalar, sentiasa positif). Purata halaju menggunakan sesaran (vektor, boleh menjadi sifar untuk perjalanan pergi dan balik). Sebuah kereta yang memandu 100 batu keluar dan 100 batu ke belakang mempunyai purata kelajuan > 0 tetapi purata halaju = 0.
Klik untuk mendedahkan ->
Common Error
Using Instantaneous Readings for Average
A speedometer or GPS shows instantaneous speed at one moment, not average speed. Average speed requires total distance traveled divided by total time taken. Instantaneous speed readings during peak congestion periods or highway stretches do not represent the overall average.
Klik untuk mendedahkan ->

Average Speed Examples and Practice Questions

Practice these 5 average speed calculation problems. Click "Show Solution" to see the step-by-step answer for each question.

Q1: A runner covers 10 km (6.21 miles) in 50 minutes. Calculate the runner's average speed in km/h and mph.

Step 1: Convert time: 50 minutes = 50 / 60 = 0.833 hours.

Step 2: Apply formula: Speed = Distance / Time = 10 / 0.833 = 12.0 km/h.

Step 3: Convert: 12.0 km/h × 0.621371 = 7.46 mph.

Q2: A car travels 180 miles (289.7 km) in 3 hours 15 minutes. Find the average speed in mph.

Step 1: Convert time: 3h 15m = 3 + (15/60) = 3.25 hours.

Step 2: Apply formula: Speed = 180 / 3.25 = 55.38 mph (89.13 km/h).

Q3: A cyclist rides 25 km (15.53 miles) at 20 km/h, then 25 km at 30 km/h. Calculate the average speed for the entire trip.

Step 1: Time for leg 1: 25 / 20 = 1.25 hours.

Step 2: Time for leg 2: 25 / 30 = 0.833 hours.

Step 3: Total distance = 50 km. Total time = 2.083 hours.

Step 4: Average speed = 50 / 2.083 = 24.0 km/h (14.91 mph). Note: the answer is NOT 25 km/h (the arithmetic mean).

Q4: A train departs at 9:00 AM and arrives at 11:45 AM, covering 330 km (205 miles). Find the average speed.

Step 1: Calculate time: 11:45 - 9:00 = 2 hours 45 minutes = 2.75 hours.

Step 2: Apply formula: Speed = 330 / 2.75 = 120 km/h (74.56 mph).

Q5: A car drives 60 km at 40 km/h and returns at 60 km/h. Find the average speed for the round trip.

Step 1: Time going: 60 / 40 = 1.5 hours.

Step 2: Time returning: 60 / 60 = 1.0 hours.

Step 3: Total distance = 120 km. Total time = 2.5 hours.

Step 4: Average speed = 120 / 2.5 = 48 km/h (29.83 mph). The harmonic mean gives the correct answer for equal-distance round trips.

Kalkulator Kelajuan Purata Lain

Keluarga Kalkulator Kelajuan Purata merangkumi setiap masalah kelajuan yang mungkin anda hadapi — daripada berbasikal dan mendaki ke fizik molekul gas, mekanik orbit, ujian jalur lebar dan kadar bacaan. Setiap kalkulator di bawah direka khas untuk senarionya, dengan formula, input dan visualisasi interaktifnya sendiri.

Sukan & Kecergasan

🚴 Kalkulator Kelajuan Purata Basikal Kira purata kelajuan berbasikal dari jarak perjalanan dan jumlah masa. 🏁 Kalkulator Kelajuan Purata Purata Kelajuan purata merentasi berbilang pusingan menggunakan panjang trek dan jumlah masa. 🏃 Kalkulator Kelajuan Purata Treadmill Purata kadar treadmill dari jarak, masa dan kecondongan. 🚶 Kalkulator Kelajuan Purata Berjalan Purata kadar berjalan dengan langkah-per-minit dan anggaran kalori. 🥾 Kalkulator Kelajuan Purata Kembara Kelajuan mendaki purata yang diperbetulkan Naismith dengan faktor pendakian. 🚣 Kalkulator Kelajuan Purata Mendayung Purata kelajuan mendayung dari 500 m belah atau jarak / masa. ⏱️ Kalkulator Kelajuan Putaran Kelajuan pusingan tunggal dari panjang pusingan dan masa pusingan. 🚤 Kalkulator Kelajuan Purata Bot Purata kelajuan bot dalam knots, mph dan km/h. ⚾ Kalkulator Kelajuan Bola Purata Purata kelajuan bola untuk golf, besbol, bola sepak dan tenis.

Fizik

⚛️ Kalkulator Kelajuan Molekul Purata Purata kelajuan molekul v̄ = √(8RT / πM) daripada teori kinetik. 🔬 Kalkulator Kelajuan Zarah Purata Purata kelajuan zarah v = √(8kT / πm) daripada suhu dan jisim. 💧 Kalkulator Kelajuan Bendalir Purata Purata halaju bendalir v = Q / A daripada kadar alir dan keratan rentas. 🔄 Kalkulator Kelajuan Sudut Purata ω = Δθ / Δt — kelajuan sudut dalam rad/s, RPM dan deg/s. 🛰️ Kalkulator Kelajuan Orbital Purata v = √(GM / r) — min kelajuan orbit di sekeliling mana-mana badan pusat. 📈 Kalkulator Kelajuan Purata RMS v_rms = √(3RT / M) — halaju akar-min-kuasa dua zarah gas.

Internet & Data

📶 Kalkulator Kelajuan Jalur Lebar Purata Purata kelajuan muat turun / muat naik jalur lebar merentas berbilang ujian. 💾 Kalkulator Kelajuan Pemindahan Data Purata Kadar pemindahan purata daripada saiz fail dan masa pemindahan yang telah berlalu.

Cuaca & Alam Semula Jadi

🌬️ Kalkulator Kelajuan Angin Purata Purata kelajuan angin daripada pelbagai bacaan anemometer.

Produktiviti

📖 Kalkulator Kelajuan Bacaan Purata Membaca WPM daripada kiraan perkataan dan masa membaca yang telah berlalu.

Soalan Lazim

Jumlah jarak perjalanan dan jumlah masa yang diambil adalah 2 ukuran yang diperlukan untuk mengira kelajuan purata. Kelajuan formula = jarak / masa (s = d/t) menggunakan 2 nilai ini untuk menghasilkan hasil dalam batu sejam (mph), kilometer sejam (km/h), atau meter sesaat (m/s).

Ukur jarak yang dilalui dalam selang masa tertentu itu dan bahagikan dengan masa berlalu. Kelajuan purata untuk selang = jarak selang / masa selang. Ini memberikan kadar purata perjalanan untuk segmen itu sahaja.

Tidak, kelajuan purata sentiasa sifar atau positif. Kelajuan purata ialah kuantiti skalar yang menggunakan jumlah jarak (sentiasa positif) dibahagikan dengan jumlah masa (sentiasa positif). Halaju purata boleh menjadi negatif kerana halaju termasuk arah.

Kelajuan purata yang baik untuk larian berjulat daripada 5 mph (8 km/h) untuk pemula hingga 6-8 mph (9.7-12.9 km/h) untuk pelari pertengahan. Pelari maraton elit mengekalkan 12-13 mph (19.3-20.9 km/h). Gunakan kalkulator kelajuan larian atau peranti GPS untuk menjejak rentak larian semasa strategi pacing maraton.

Kelajuan purata yang baik untuk berbasikal ialah 12-15 mph (19.3-24.1 km/h) untuk penunggang kasual, 15-20 mph (24.1-32.2 km/h) untuk penunggang basikal biasa, dan 20-28 mph (32.2-45.1 km/h) untuk penunggang basikal kompetitif. Kelajuan berbeza dengan pelarasan nisbah gear, tekanan tayar dan jenis rupa bumi.

Tambahkan jumlah jarak yang dilalui merentas semua segmen. Tambahkan jumlah masa perjalanan antara perhentian, tidak termasuk masa yang dihabiskan untuk berhenti. Bahagikan jumlah jarak dengan jumlah masa perjalanan: Kelajuan Purata = Jumlah Jarak / Jumlah Masa Perjalanan.

Ya, susun semula formula kepada masa = jarak / kelajuan (t = d/s). Masukkan jarak dan kelajuan purata ke dalam Kalkulator Kelajuan Purata untuk mengira masa perjalanan dalam jam, minit atau format hh:mm:ss.

Tidak, kelajuan purata dan halaju purata adalah kuantiti yang berbeza. Kelajuan purata menggunakan jumlah jarak yang dilalui (skalar, sentiasa >= 0). Purata halaju menggunakan anjakan (vektor, termasuk arah, boleh 0 untuk perjalanan pergi dan balik). Gunakan Displacement Calculator untuk pengiraan berasaskan halaju.

Ukur jarak dalam kilometer dan masa dalam jam, kemudian bahagikan: kelajuan purata (km/h) = jarak (km) / masa (jam). Contoh: 150 km dalam 2 jam = 75 km/h (46.6 mph). Tukarkan mph kepada km/h dengan mendarab dengan 1.60934.

Ukur jarak dalam batu dan masa dalam jam, kemudian bahagikan: kelajuan purata (mph) = jarak (batu) / masa (jam). Contoh: 120 batu dalam 2 jam = 60 mph (96.6 km/h). Tukar km/h kepada mph dengan mendarab dengan 0.621371.

Ya, kelajuan purata sama dengan sifar hanya apabila jumlah jarak yang dilalui sama dengan sifar - objek itu tidak bergerak sama sekali. Sebarang pergerakan, walaupun kembali ke titik permulaan, menghasilkan kelajuan purata lebih besar daripada sifar kerana jumlah jarak adalah positif.

Tambahkan jarak untuk kedua-dua arah untuk mendapatkan jumlah jarak. Tambahkan masa untuk kedua-dua arah untuk mendapatkan jumlah masa. Bahagikan jumlah jarak dengan jumlah masa. JANGAN purata dua kelajuan secara aritmetik - gunakan min harmonik untuk jarak yang sama: Average Speed = 2 x (S1 x S2) / (S1 + S2).

Susun semula formula untuk memperoleh jarak daripada nilai lain yang diketahui, kemudian gunakan kelajuan = jarak / masa. Tanpa sebarang rujukan jarak atau kelajuan, kelajuan purata tidak boleh dikira - sekurang-kurangnya 2 daripada 3 pembolehubah (kelajuan, jarak, masa) mesti diketahui.

Kecerunan graf jarak-masa mewakili kelajuan. Kelajuan purata untuk perjalanan penuh = jumlah kenaikan (perubahan jarak) / jumlah larian (perubahan masa) dari titik mula ke titik akhir pada graf. Cerun yang lebih curam menunjukkan kelajuan yang lebih tinggi.

Kira jumlah kawasan di bawah lengkung halaju-masa, menggunakan nilai mutlak untuk kawasan di bawah paksi masa. Jumlah jarak = jumlah semua kawasan mutlak. Purata kelajuan = jumlah jarak / jumlah masa. Purata halaju = anjakan bersih (kawasan di atas tolak kawasan di bawah) / jumlah masa.

Kelajuan purata ialah kuantiti skalar - ia mempunyai magnitud (nombor dengan unit seperti mph atau km/h) tetapi tiada arah. Halaju purata ialah rakan vektor yang merangkumi kedua-dua magnitud dan arah. Kuantiti skalar seperti kelajuan dan jarak berbeza daripada kuantiti vektor seperti halaju dan sesaran.